Category Archives: Indian-Americans and U.S. Politics Blog

Iran Sanctions – Cut Off the World’s Nose to Spite Iran’s Face?

Last time, we saw the U.S. Congress so impassioned, so emotional was in the aftermath of 9/11.  With an office within a couple of blocks of the World Trade Center, we witnessed that event firsthand. We walked through the smoke and the soot to return home late that morning. A man working on our floor, the CEO of his small business, had a breakfast meeting at the World Trade Center that morning. He did not return from that breakfast. We are still emotional about that event. That day, all Americans were willing to support carpet bombing of any country that helped that attack in any way. That emotion in America was justified. The American people were unanimously with the U.S. Congress and the Bush Administration in that emotional period.

Today, the U.S. Congress is again emotional, almost hysterically emotional. But today, the American people are not even exercised, forget being emotional. The emotion of 2001 was cold, determined anger, the sort of anger that allows us to take our time and then strike a decisive blow like we did in November 2001. In contrast, today’s anger is hot anger, the sort of anger that bubbles over the edge and makes people go nuts in a violent spree that causes serious collateral damage without achieving any real results.

The hot emotional anger we see today is a willingness in the U.S. Congress to hit out at the entire world in an effort to coerce the world to inflict severe economic damage on Iran. This hit on the world is a threat to cut off countries from the U.S. financial system for continuing trade with Iran, regardless of whether the countries are a parties to  the Iran-Israel fight or whether the countries are even in Iran’s neighborhood. This threat applies to every country in the world, except those that are specifically exempted by the Obama Administration.

Below we examine the consequences of this action on America’s long term interests.

1. Is Iran the greatest threat to America?

There is no question Iran is America’s foe. There is no question that Iran has acted against America’s interests on many occasions. But does Iran pose the biggest threat to America? Has Iran ever attacked America or American forces? Did elements inside Iran help in the 9/11 attacks? Is Iran the principal backer of the Taleban? Does Iran provide terrorist sanctuaries for the Taleban from which they attack American forces in Afghanistan? Was the shoe-bomber trained inside Iran? Was the unsuccessful attack in Times Square planned and helped by elements inside Iran? Is Iran the epicenter of global Islamic terrorism that attacked London, Madrid and Mumbai?

No. That dubious honor goes to Pakistan and specifically to the military regime in Pakistan. So how have the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration handled Pakistan? By providing billions of dollars in aid, by providing F-16 fighters and P3-Orion antisubmarine planes even though Afghanistan is land-locked and the Taleban don’t have any boats, let alone deep diving submarines.  The Obama Administration has turned a blind eye to the massive drive by the Pakistani military to build a huge nuclear arsenal, reportedly the fourth largest in the world. In contrast, the U.S. Congress seems absolutely determined to wage war on Iran with every weapon at its disposal, on an Iran which might not have a nuclear weapon for next 2-3 years.

The last time we saw such hysteria was in 2003 when the Bush Administration painted Iraq as a imminent nuclear threat while ignoring the greater threat from Iran. What did the Iraq war achieve? It made the bigger enemy Iran far more powerful while saddling America with a long horrible expensive conflict.

Today, the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress are moving towards a conflict with Iran in a similar emotionally charged campaign while ignoring the greater threat from Pakistan. Could an American war with Iran result in Pakistan becoming more powerful and more dangerous for America and the world?

The bottom line of this paragraph is simple:

  • Iran is likely to eventually put a bomb in Tel Aviv while Pakistan is likely to eventually put a bomb in New York City.

We understand the need for a targeted, tactical campaign against Iran. But why make Iran the emotional  focus of all of America’s attention? The short and simple answer is Israel.

2. Israel & Britain – Case of Two Close Allies

From Israel’s point of view, Iran is a grave danger while Pakistan is nearly irrelevant. Pakistan has not demonstrated any aggressive intent towards Israel while Iran has verbally threatened to wipe Israel from the face of the earth. Israel views Iran as an existential danger and rightly so. So Israel has every reason and every right to defend itself by any means it deems necessary. And Israel is a close ally of America, the closest ally with one possible exception.

That exception is Britain. Britain has been America’s oldest and most steadfast ally. Britain does not ask America for financial aid.  Wherever America needs support., Britain has provided it. British troops fought alongside America’s troops in Iraq. British troops are fighting alongside American forces in Afghanistan.

So what did America do when Britain found itself at war with Argentina a few years ago. America did not get involved in that war to help America’s closest ally. America did not break relations with Argentina. America did not sanction other Latin American countries for maintaining their relations with Argentina. America provided Britain with intelligence and helped in other quiet ways. This was sensible because America is a global power with global interests and America cannot sacrifice those interests in a regional conflict.

This common sense, this necessary focus on America’s global interests has been jettisoned today by the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress. Instead, they are putting every other American interest in every other part of the world at grave risk in their emotional charge to proclaim their solidarity with Israel.

Why this difference between two close allies? Why does the U.S. Congress behave rationally in the case of Britain but act with wanton emotional fervor when it comes to Israel? They do so even when, according to a survey by Bill O’Reilly’s Factor, 61% of Americans surveyed said America should not get directly involved.

3. Does Israel even want this Sanctions Plan?

The straight answer is No. We don’t see Israel applauding the U.S. Congress for its desire to punish the rest of the world to support Israel. Israel is a smart, clear-headed, calculating country. Israel knows that it will face substantial backlash from all over the world for financial damage resulting from U.S. sanctions. And these sanctions don’t do Israel any good.

Israel wants America to participate in an attack on Iranian nuclear installations. If America is unwilling to do so, Israel would like America to provide it with bunker-busting bombs and refueling tankers. That will enable Israel to mount a large enough air attack to destroy a large part of Iranian nuclear capability.  Such an attack would not damage Iran’s conventional military capabilities, it would not cause severe financial damage to the Iranian people.  It would be a limited attack.

If successful, Israel will be privately applauded and even thanked by every country in Iran’s neighborhood, even by China and Russia.  If it fails, it will suffer the blame alone. Now if Iran is stupid enough to attack America in response, the Obama Administration should retaliate with all of America’s might to destroy Iran’s conventional military capacity as well as Iranian regime. The Iranian regime is smart, rational and they will not risk their survival if they believe the Obama Administration will retaliate with all its might.

We understand that a limited attack by Israel on Iran would create regional risks to America and we don’t recommend it. But it would be a regional issue and it would not damage America’s global interests. So it would be far better than the utterly asinine plan to impose sanctions on the rest of the world to bring pressure on Iran.

4. The Utter Insanity of the Sanctions Plan – 1

Several informed and sensible analysts have argued that the sanctions on Iran could actually backfire on America. Ian Bremmer, President of the Eurasia Group, wrote the following in his article in the Financial Times titled: Iran oil sanctions threaten global economic recovery:

  • While the strategy of squeezing Iran financially is logical, it comes with serious economic risks that are not often recognized. We’ve entered a new era in which the distinction between the financial and security spheres no longer holds: geopolitics drive markets even as markets drive geopolitics.
  • Enforcing oil sanctions against Iran could threaten the global economy. In the context of improving global growth, removing too much Iranian oil from the world’s energy supply could cause an oil price spike that that would halt the recovery even as it does some financial damage to Iran. For perhaps the first time sanctions have the potential to be “too successful”, hurting the sanctioners as much as the sanctioned.

A detailed description of how the Iran sanctions could backfire on America was provided by Kenneth Pollack, Director of the Saban Center of Middle East policy at the Brookings Institution. Mr. Pollack argues:

  • The problem is that these sanctions are potentially so damaging that they could backfire, creating at least three sets of consequences that would leave the United States in a worse position, whatever the impact on Iran.
  • To the extent that Iranian oil is truly off the market for the U.S. and Europe, it will increase the price for what remains. In case you missed the past 40 years of American economic history, there is no commodity on earth that affects the American economy faster or more profoundly than oil.
  • Another potentially fatal flaw in these sanctions is that they turn up the heat on Iran so much that they may well be unsustainable diplomatically, and that is very problematic because sanctions rarely work quickly. And over time, there is a high likelihood that other countries will come to see the misery of the Iranian people as being the fault of the United States, not of the Iranian leadership, exactly as happened with Saddam.

This may be why Ian Bremmer made a very interesting suggestion in his FT article:

  • The U.S. can pressure Iran without sabotaging the economic recovery. What he must do is maintain his tough public rhetoric on sanctions, no matter how harsh it appears, while privately signaling China and India – and only China and India – that it is fine for them to purchase Iranian crude, but at a significant discount from market price. Forcing Tehran to sell discounted barrels would provide the desired result: a substantial reduction in Iranian revenue with less impact on global energy prices and less harm to the U.S. and world economies.

5. The Utter Insanity of the Sanctions Plan – II

The above issues have been well discussed and are well understood in America. They are serious issues indeed, but they are essentially short term in their scope and impact. We are far more concerned about the long term strategic impact on America and its relationship with the rest of the world. And when we say “world”, we mean the real world; we mean Africa, China, India, Asia, Latin America, the world in which 3/4th of the world’s population lives, the part of the world which will show the strongest growth in the next three decades.

With its emotional plan accompanied by strident, sometimes hysterical rhetoric, the U.S. Congress has threatened to declare financial war on virtually the entire world if they don’t break off financial and trading relations with Iran.  The U.S. Congress does not seem to care about the serious impact that might have on the countries, their economies and their people. And these countries have nothing to do with the Israeli-Iran conflict. In fact, as Ian Bremmer pointed out in his interview with Reuters, “[Iran] doesn’t exactly look deplorable to large parts of the global community — like Russia, China, nearly all of Africa and even much of the Middle East.”

Remember Iraq? That was strictly a regional conflict between America and Iraq. America did not involve any other region of the world in that conflict. Still America suffered a massive downgrade of respect and support in the entire world. Not only is America now getting involved in another regional conflict with Israel and Iran, the U.S. Congress is threatening to sacrifice the economic interests of virtually every country in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Can we imagine the backlash from the rest of the world and can we fathom the extent of long term damage America could suffer?

There is one long term damage that worries us the most – the damage to America’s financial system, the foundation of America’s prosperity.

5. The Utter Insanity of the Sanctions Plan – III

The foundation of U.S. financial dominance is the reserve currency status of the U.S. Dollar. This is why the world’s financial system goes through the American financial system. The American financial system is open, flexible, transparent and trusted.

The Sanctions Plan of the U.S. Congress & the Obama Administration is based on using the U.S. Financial System as a weapon to browbeat the world. There are grave dangers in threatening the use of your most powerful weapon. If the threat of using it fails to coerce, then it has to be used. If it is used but fails to deliver a victory, then there is nothing else left in the quiver. And just the threat prompts serious efforts to build countermeasures.

That is what we are afraid of.  The world has been using the U.S. Dollar and the U.S. financial system both out of convenience and inertia. That inertia was shaken up a bit in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis in America. That crisis prompted China to intensify its efforts to make its currency,  the Renminbi, an international currency. The crisis also prompted Russia to seek alternatives to the U.S. Dollar at the IMF, the International Monetary Fund.

These efforts have gone nowhere because Latin America, Africa and the rest of Asia preferred the convenience of the current Dollar-based financial system. Now the U.S. Congress is threatening to shut these countries out of the U.S. Financial system if they don’t obey U.S. rules about Iran. If the U.S. Congress can do this once, they can do it again. No country, no country dedicated to the well being of its people can tolerate such an economic stranglehold.

Perhaps they had no choice in the last century. But this is not our father’s world, as Jim O’Neill*, Chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management, made clear to CNBC recently:

  • “We are only three years off maximum, maybe two years before the 4 BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) countries become bigger than the United States….a few of the countries that are also becoming more important such as Indonesia, Turkey, Korea, Mexico. If you put those 4 together with the BRICs, this decade, those eight will create double the amount of global GDP that Europe and the U.S. will do put together.”

The primary American goal ought to be to ensure these countries do not act in unison against U.S. interests.  Instead, by threatening to impose sanctions on all the BRICS (S for South Africa) and on the other countries, the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress are virtually forcing all these countries to come together to build an alternative financial architecture. This is not just insane, but suicidal.

This is not idle or fanciful speculation. This past week, the five BRICS countries met in New Delhi and agreed to support intra-BRICS trade in local currencies. If successful, this could pose a long term threat to the primacy of the U.S. Dollar.

The BRICS also discussed the establishment of a new multilateral financial institution, a new BRICS bank that will help the BRICS countries with their financial development. Such a Bank will be outside the realm of the World Bank which the U.S. dominates. It is not hard to see such a bank eventually issue a special currency  (SDR or Special Drawing Right units in the financial lingo) for use in intra-BRICS trade. Each one of these countries is a regional leader. So we could see such BRICS SDR used by smaller countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America to trade with the 5 BRICS and with each other.

This will not doom the United States. It will simply make the U.S. Financial system more regional and less global. It will also help the rest of the world move away from the U.S. Dollar over time. This is negative for America’s future prosperity.

None of the above is easy. But it is doable if the impetus is strong enough. Unfortunately, the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration are the ones delivering the impetus to BRICS and other emerging economies to plan to move away from the U.S. Dollar. As we said before, this is not just insane but suicidal.

The Bush Administration was excoriated for being arrogant with the world and for damaging America’s standing. Frankly, the Bush Administration was a sissy compared to what the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress are doing to the world with their Iran Sanctions plan. In doing so, they are gambling with the future of the U.S. Dollar and American prosperity. For what goal? To proclaim their commitment to Israel. And Israel doesn’t even want this plan. Isn’t Insanity the right word for this?

Last time, we saw the U.S. Congress so impassioned, so emotional was in the aftermath of 9/11.  With an office within a couple of blocks of the World Trade Center, we witnessed that event firsthand. We walked through the smoke and the soot to return home late that morning. A man working on our floor, the CEO of his small business, had a breakfast meeting at the World Trade Center that morning. He did not return from that breakfast. We are still emotional about that event. That day, all Americans were willing to support carpet bombing of any country that helped that attack in any way. That emotion in America was justified. The American people were unanimously with the U.S. Congress and the Bush Administration in that emotional period.

Today, the U.S. Congress is again emotional, almost hysterically emotional. But today, the American people are not even exercised, forget being emotional. The emotion of 2001 was cold, determined anger, the sort of anger that allows us to take our time and then strike a decisive blow like we did in November 2001. In contrast, today’s anger is hot anger, the sort of anger that bubbles over the edge and makes people go nuts in a violent spree that causes serious collateral damage without achieving any real results.

The hot emotional anger we see today is a willingness in the U.S. Congress to hit out at the entire world in an effort to coerce the world to inflict severe economic damage on Iran. This hit on the world is a threat to cut off countries from the U.S. financial system for continuing trade with Iran, regardless of whether the countries are a parties to  the Iran-Israel fight or whether the countries are even in Iran’s neighborhood. This threat applies to every country in the world, except those that are specifically exempted by the Obama Administration.

Below we examine the consequences of this action on America’s long term interests.

1. Is Iran the greatest threat to America?

There is no question Iran is America’s foe. There is no question that Iran has acted against America’s interests on many occasions. But does Iran pose the biggest threat to America? Has Iran ever attacked America or American forces? Did elements inside Iran help in the 9/11 attacks? Is Iran the principal backer of the Taleban? Does Iran provide terrorist sanctuaries for the Taleban from which they attack American forces in Afghanistan? Was the shoe-bomber trained inside Iran? Was the unsuccessful attack in Times Square planned and helped by elements inside Iran? Is Iran the epicenter of global Islamic terrorism that attacked London, Madrid and Mumbai?

No. That dubious honor goes to Pakistan and specifically to the military regime in Pakistan. So how have the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration handled Pakistan? By providing billions of dollars in aid, by providing F-16 fighters and P3-Orion antisubmarine planes even though Afghanistan is land-locked and the Taleban don’t have any boats, let alone deep diving submarines.  The Obama Administration has turned a blind eye to the massive drive by the Pakistani military to build a huge nuclear arsenal, reportedly the fourth largest in the world. In contrast, the U.S. Congress seems absolutely determined to wage war on Iran with every weapon at its disposal, on an Iran which might not have a nuclear weapon for next 2-3 years.

The last time we saw such hysteria was in 2003 when the Bush Administration painted Iraq as a imminent nuclear threat while ignoring the greater threat from Iran. What did the Iraq war achieve? It made the bigger enemy Iran far more powerful while saddling America with a long horrible expensive conflict.

Today, the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress are moving towards a conflict with Iran in a similar emotionally charged campaign while ignoring the greater threat from Pakistan. Could an American war with Iran result in Pakistan becoming more powerful and more dangerous for America and the world?

The bottom line of this paragraph is simple:

    Iran is likely to eventually put a bomb in Tel Aviv while Pakistan is likely to eventually put a bomb in New York City.

We understand the need for a targeted, tactical campaign against Iran. But why make Iran the emotional  focus of all of America’s attention? The short and simple answer is Israel.

2. Israel & Britain – Case of Two Close Allies

From Israel’s point of view, Iran is a grave danger while Pakistan is nearly irrelevant. Pakistan has not demonstrated any aggressive intent towards Israel while Iran has verbally threatened to wipe Israel from the face of the earth. Israel views Iran as an existential danger and rightly so. So Israel has every reason and every right to defend itself by any means it deems necessary. And Israel is a close ally of America, the closest ally with one possible exception.

That exception is Britain. Britain has been America’s oldest and most steadfast ally. Britain does not ask America for financial aid.  Wherever America needs support., Britain has provided it. British troops fought alongside America’s troops in Iraq. British troops are fighting alongside American forces in Afghanistan.

So what did America do when Britain found itself at war with Argentina a few years ago. America did not get involved in that war to help America’s closest ally. America did not break relations with Argentina. America did not sanction other Latin American countries for maintaining their relations with Argentina. America provided Britain with intelligence and helped in other quiet ways. This was sensible because America is a global power with global interests and America cannot sacrifice those interests in a regional conflict.

This common sense, this necessary focus on America’s global interests has been jettisoned today by the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress. Instead, they are putting every other American interest in every other part of the world at grave risk in their emotional charge to proclaim their solidarity with Israel.

Why this difference between two close allies? Why does the U.S. Congress behave rationally in the case of Britain but act with wanton emotional fervor when it comes to Israel? They do so even when, according to a survey by Bill O’Reilly’s Factor, 61% of Americans surveyed said America should not get directly involved.

3. Does Israel even want this Sanctions Plan?

The straight answer is No. We don’t see Israel applauding the U.S. Congress for its desire to punish the rest of the world to support Israel. Israel is a smart, clear-headed, calculating country. Israel knows that it will face substantial backlash from all over the world for financial damage resulting from U.S. sanctions. And these sanctions don’t do Israel any good.

Israel wants America to participate in an attack on Iranian nuclear installations. If America is unwilling to do so, Israel would like America to provide it with bunker-busting bombs and refueling tankers. That will enable Israel to mount a large enough air attack to destroy a large part of Iranian nuclear capability.  Such an attack would not damage Iran’s conventional military capabilities, it would not cause severe financial damage to the Iranian people.  It would be a limited attack.

If successful, Israel will be privately applauded and even thanked by every country in Iran’s neighborhood, even by China and Russia.  If it fails, it will suffer the blame alone. Now if Iran is stupid enough to attack America in response, the Obama Administration should retaliate with all of America’s might to destroy Iran’s conventional military capacity as well as Iranian regime. The Iranian regime is smart, rational and they will not risk their survival if they believe the Obama Administration will retaliate with all its might.

We understand that a limited attack by Israel on Iran would create regional risks to America and we don’t recommend it. But it would be a regional issue and it would not damage America’s global interests. So it would be far better than the utterly asinine plan to impose sanctions on the rest of the world to bring pressure on Iran.

4. The Utter Insanity of the Sanctions Plan – 1

 

Several informed and sensible analysts have argued that the sanctions on Iran could actually backfire on America. Ian Bremmer, President of the Eurasia Group, wrote the following in his article in the Financial Times titled: Iran oil sanctions threaten global economic recovery:

    While the strategy of squeezing Iran financially is logical, it comes with serious economic risks that are not often recognised. We’ve entered a new era in which the distinction between the financial and security spheres no longer holds: geopolitics drive markets even as markets drive geopolitics.

    Enforcing oil sanctions against Iran could threaten the global economy. In the context of improving global growth, removing too much Iranian oil from the world’s energy supply could cause an oil price spike that that would halt the recovery even as it does some financial damage to Iran. For perhaps the first time sanctions have the potential to be “too successful”, hurting the sanctioners as much as the sanctioned.

A detailed description of how the Iran sanctions could backfire on America was provided by Kenneth Pollack, Director of the Saban Center of Middle East policy at the Brookings Institution. Mr. Pollack argues:

    The problem is that these sanctions are potentially so damaging that they could backfire, creating at least three sets of consequences that would leave the United States in a worse position, whatever the impact on Iran.

        To the extent that Iranian oil is truly off the market for the U.S. and Europe, it will increase the price for what remains. In case you missed the past 40 years of American economic history, there is no commodity on earth that affects the American economy faster or more profoundly than oil.

         Another potentially fatal flaw in these sanctions is that they turn up the heat on Iran so much that they may well be unsustainable diplomatically, and that is very problematic because sanctions rarely work quickly. And over time, there is a high likelihood that other countries will come to see the misery of the Iranian people as being the fault of the United States, not of the Iranian leadership, exactly as happened with Saddam.

This may be why Ian Bremmer made a very interesting suggestion in his FT article:

    The U.S. can pressure Iran without sabotaging the economic recovery. What he must do is maintain his tough public rhetoric on sanctions, no matter how harsh it appears, while privately signaling China and India – and only China and India – that it is fine for them to purchase Iranian crude, but at a significant discount from market price. Forcing Tehran to sell discounted barrels would provide the desired result: a substantial reduction in Iranian revenue with less impact on global energy prices and less harm to the U.S. and world economies.

5. The Utter Insanity of the Sanctions Plan – II

The above issues have been well discussed and are well understood in America. They are serious issues indeed, but they are essentially short term in their scope and impact. We are far more concerned about the long term strategic impact on America and its relationship with the rest of the world. And when we say “world”, we mean the real world; we mean Africa, China, India, Asia, Latin America, the world in which 3/4th of the world’s population lives, the part of the world which will show the strongest growth in the next three decades.

With its emotional plan accompanied by strident, sometimes hysterical rhetoric, the U.S. Congress has threatened to declare financial war on virtually the entire world if they don’t break off financial and trading relations with Iran.  The U.S. Congress does not seem to care about the serious impact that might have on the countries, their economies and their people. And these countries have nothing to do with the Israeli-Iran conflict. In fact, as Ian Bremmer pointed out in his interview with Reuters, “[Iran] doesn’t exactly look deplorable to large parts of the global community — like Russia, China, nearly all of Africa and even much of the Middle East.”

Remember Iraq? That was strictly a regional conflict between America and Iraq. America did not involve any other region of the world in that conflict. Still America suffered a massive downgrade of respect and support in the entire world. Not only is America now getting involved in another regional conflict with Israel and Iran, the U.S. Congress is threatening to sacrifice the economic interests of virtually every country in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Can we imagine the backlash from the rest of the world and can we fathom the extent of long term damage America could suffer?

There is one long term damage that worries us the most – the damage to America’s financial system, the foundation of America’s prosperity.

5. The Utter Insanity of the Sanctions Plan – III

The foundation of U.S. financial dominance is the reserve currency status of the U.S. Dollar. This is why the world’s financial system goes through the American financial system. The American financial system is open, flexible, transparent and trusted.

The Sanctions Plan of the U.S. Congress & the Obama Administration is based on using the U.S. Financial System as a weapon to browbeat the world. There are grave dangers in threatening the use of your most powerful weapon. If the threat of using it fails to coerce, then it has to be used. If it is used but fails to deliver a victory, then there is nothing else left in the quiver. And just the threat prompts serious efforts to build countermeasures.

That is what we are afraid of.  The world has been using the U.S. Dollar and the U.S. financial system both out of convenience and inertia. That inertia was shaken up a bit in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis in America. That crisis prompted China to intensify its efforts to make its currency,  the Renminbi, an international currency. The crisis also prompted Russia to seek alternatives to the U.S. Dollar at the IMF, the International Monetary Fund. 

These efforts have gone nowhere because Latin America, Africa and the rest of Asia preferred the convenience of the current Dollar-based financial system. Now the U.S. Congress is threatening to shut these countries out of the U.S. Financial system if they don’t obey U.S. rules about Iran. If the U.S. Congress can do this once, they can do it again. No country, no country dedicated to the well being of its people can tolerate such an economic stranglehold.

Perhaps they had no choice in the last century. But this is not our father’s world, as Jim O’Neill*, Chairman of Goldman Sachs Asset Management, made clear to CNBC recently:

    “We are only three years off maximum, maybe two years before the 4 BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) countries become bigger than the United States….a few of the countries that are also becoming more important such as Indonesia, Turkey, Korea, Mexico. If you put those 4 together with the BRICs, this decade, those eight will create double the amount of global GDP that Europe and the U.S. will do put together.”

The primary American goal ought to be to ensure these countries do not act in unison against U.S. interests.  Instead, by threatening to impose sanctions on all the BRICS (S for South Africa) and on the other countries, the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress are virtually forcing all these countries to come together to build an alternative financial architecture. This is not just insane, but suicidal.

This is not idle or fanciful speculation. This past week, the five BRICS countries met in New Delhi and agreed to support intra-BRICS trade in local currencies. If successful, this could pose a long term threat to the primacy of the U.S. Dollar.

The BRICS also discussed the establishment of a new multilateral financial institution, a new BRICS bank that will help the BRICS countries with their financial development. Such a Bank will be outside the realm of the World Bank which the U.S. dominates. It is not hard to see such a bank eventually issue a special currency  (SDR or Special Drawing Right units in the financial lingo) for use in intra-BRICS trade. Each one of these countries is a regional leader. So we could see such BRICS SDR used by smaller countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America to trade with the 5 BRICS and with each other.

This will not doom the United States. It will simply make the U.S. Financial system more regional and less global. It will also help the rest of the world move away from the U.S. Dollar over time. This is negative for America’s future prosperity.

None of the above is easy. But it is doable if the impetus is strong enough. Unfortunately, the U.S. Congress and the Obama Administration are the ones delivering the impetus to BRICS and other emerging economies to plan to move away from the U.S. Dollar. As we said before, this is not just insane but suicidal.

The Bush Administration was excoriated for being arrogant with the world and for damaging America’s standing. Frankly, the Bush Administration was a sissy compared to what the Obama Administration and the U.S. Congress are doing to the world with their Iran Sanctions plan. In doing so, they are gambling with the future of the U.S. Dollar and American prosperity. For what goal? To proclaim their commitment to Israel. And Israel doesn’t even want this plan. Isn’t Insanity the right word for this? 

Indian-American Youth: A Present Focus on the Future

Guest post by Ravi Jha and Kush Desai

The 21st century is so far playing out to be a rather eventful time in human history, especially in the progression of our Modern Era. While society enjoys the fruits of past generations’ labors – from the stability of the former Marshall Plan-aid receiving Europe to the entrepreneurial zeal of the baby-boomers – society is also lamenting the former pitfalls of their parents’ generations, like the baleful re-emergence of the formerly American-outfitted Taliban and the crash of a regulation-free Wall Street. But amidst terrorist attacks, Middle-Eastern conflicts, diplomatic showdowns, crippling economic meltdowns, and ‘interesting’ political candidacies, any meaningful discussion about contemporary youth appears to have been marginalized. Policy-makers are especially apathetic to Indian-American students and youngsters; after all, why worry about a demographic often epitomized as the impeccable paragon of overachieving students?

But in modern America, issues exist which will not only affect today but also continue to drag down tomorrow, the foremost among them being education, political discontentment, and social discord. Thus the writers of this blog, a college undergrad and a high school junior, hope to reinvigorate serious debate revolving on issues related to youth affairs with a particular focus in on Indian-American youngsters.

But why?

Consider South Korea. In the aftermath of the devastating Korean War, South Korea was devastated; there was no economy to speak of, and social and governmental institutions outside of an American-fitted army were non-existent. It was a Stakhanovite work ethic and an almost absurdly stressed education system that transformed the nation into the modern high-tech hub that politicians, businessmen, and economists gawk at. In essence, continual public awareness and attention to the state of Korean youth, particularly on anything concerning education, quintessentially transformed South Korea within a span of a few decades.

The quintessential importance of the youth flows out of the classroom and workplace and into political, social, and economic realms as well. Frustrated youngsters in countries like Egypt, Tunisia, Libya, and Morocco were able to induce entire national uprisings to create what we now call the Arab Spring. Household Cold War autocrats like Hosni Mubarak and Muammar Qaddafi were swept out of office, despite hiding behind violent police and military forces. The main point: while Korea’s paragon of education allowed its children to develop their nation, politically frustrated youth in the Middle East were forced to coerce their governments radically, demonstrative of the need for a politically contented youth. Public policy for social change, on the other hand, is no worse.

Public education and awareness programs that target racism at elementary schools across the United States have been omnipresent ever since the successes of the Civil Rights Movement. In this case, public attention and action over children has translated into a more socially cohesive society. Institutions like the Ku Klux Klan no longer scare African-American children to sleep; an African-American has been able to capture the support of an entire nation in a landmark presidential election. Indeed, many negative aspects of American culture and society were bettered not just by de jure legislation, but by teaching about the past in order to pass on the lessons of yesterday.

In all of these cases, renewed focuses on youth were able to transform entire societies economically, politically, and socially, positively, might we add. Indian-American youth, a demographic quickly filling the shoes of American (and global) business, government, and scientific leaders, will undoubtedly play an important role in the coming decades of global integration. What we feel, know, do not know, and face is imperative to the very future; it is time that youth affairs from education to social cohesion get a center role in the arena of public policy debate. We hope to jump-start this message of a renewed youth focus by routinely informing about and taking sides on issues and events relevant to us.

Secretary Clinton’s Diaspora Engagement Alliance: Opportunities for the Indian Diaspora

Guest post by Madhavi Bhasin

In the same week that President Obama delivered his much awaited Middle East speech, Secretary of State Hillary Clinton inaugurated the State Department’s new diplomatic outreach initiative – The Global Diaspora Forum held from May 17-19, 2011. The initiative, christened as idEA (International Diaspora Engagement Alliance) is based on simple understanding: Diaspora communities often have the local knowledge and contacts; US Government agencies have the technical expertise, global presence, and convening power. Based on these complementarities, the State Department shall develop new diaspora-centric partnership models and undertaking new programs to encourage intra-diaspora collaboration and learning.

newDuring the Forum, hosted jointly by the State Department, USAID and Migration Policy Institute, a host of initiatives were launched to partner closely with the diaspora communities to further United State’s international diplomacy and development efforts. The goal of the Forum, as stated by Secretary Clinton was to 1) recognize and celebrate the contribution of diaspora communities to America’s relationship with their countries of origin or ancestry, 2) foster diaspora-centric partnership models, and 3) encourage intra-diaspora collaboration and learning.

It is somewhat strange that given the usual hype over any development in Indo-US relations, the Diaspora Forum was overlooked in the mainstream media as well as social media avowedly utilized by non-profits based out of US. This could be attributed to the fact that diaspora philanthropy and partnership for social entrepreneurship between U.S. and India is considered less important than the bilateral political and strategic partnership. However, the programs launched during the Forum present an important window of opportunity for the Indian Diaspora to deepen social, economic and cultural partnership between the two countries.

Secretary Clinton during her speech identified the diaspora communities as wielders of smart power. According to her, “You [the diaspora communities] have the potential to be the most powerful people-to-people asset we can bring to the world’s table. Because of your familiarity with cultural norms, your own motivations, your own special skills and leadership, you are, frankly, our Peace Corps, our USAID, our OPIC, our State Department all rolled into one.”

According to the Migration Information Source, U.S. is home to 1.6 million Indian immigrants, the third largest migrant group in the country. Given the numbers and potential of the Indian Diaspora, the Forum offers great opportunities to forge creative partnerships. Some of the proposed avenues for collaboration include the following.

diasphilanthropy: Diaspora Philanthropy is not a new phenomenon. Indian Diaspora has been actively involved in philanthropy over the past decades through professional associations, faith-based groups, hometown associations and individual contributions. However, the community needs to invest more thought and effort into ensuring mechanisms for strategic giving. Philanthropy is not merely an emotionally induced social commitment but is also a strategic economic decision. While the community is fervently involved in making donations, it is equally important to invest in research to identify the most urgent social challenges, explore innovative solutions and ensure goal compliance. While giving is important, it is critical to ensure that the donations are impactful on the ground. It would be helpful if some members of the community devise and publicize tools to identify social causes demanding urgent action, provide lists of organizations involved in advocating the causes, offer secure and easy options to make donations and provide regular updates on progress made and challenges encountered. Making philanthropy simpler and strategic is both desirable and necessary.

diaspora 2.0: The Indian Diaspora in the U.S. is uniquely positioned to foster communication and information technologies for enhancing and deepening engagement. Given the diaspora’s extensive talent in ICT it is possible to create virtual communities and devise ways sharing information and resources online. While social networks have emerged as the best medium to engage the diaspora, it’s essential to bring some order to the chaos of information available online. For example, several U.S. based non-profits working on social empowerment projects in India are currently competing for the Chase Community Giving Event. Though each organization approached its faithful supporters through Facebook and twitter, there was no attempt to involve the diaspora as a community by providing information on various organizations and monitoring the vote count for each. By voting for different charities, the collective strength of the diaspora was reduced with the possibility that no non-profit working on challenges in India secures the top slot. It’s important to use the communication tools to operate as a collective force rather than contribute individually.

diasporacorps: Apart from sharing monetary resources it is important for the Indian Diaspora to share time and talent to make a difference on the ground. There is great scope to encourage diaspora volunteerism among the members of the Indian community based in US. Teach for India and Indicorps are some platforms that offer such opportunities. However, most of these volunteer opportunities tend to target youth and students, leaving a huge resource pool untapped. Technology professionals, teachers, small business owners, home-makers, farmers, nurses – Indian immigrants in every walk of life can contribute to social innovation in their own ways. It’s important to mobilize these members of the community and provide meaningful volunteer opportunities to them. Every member of the diaspora needs to be made aware of his/her potential as a volunteer.

diasplomacy: Diaspora diplomacy is traditionally related to political lobbying for issues such as work permits, migration status or bilateral trade and strategic relations. Kathleen Newland of Migration Policy Institute has discussed in a Report, published in November 2010, the advocacy and lobbying trends and techniques among the various diaspora communities in the US. The Report appreciates the efforts of the USINPAC (US India Political Action Committee) in persuading the U.S. Congress to pass the 2008 Indo-U.S. Civilian Nuclear Agreement. Non-traditional mediums such as sports, arts and culture (which contribute to creating the image of India) need to be used strategically for advocacy purposes. Advocacy and diplomacy are the strengths of the Indian diaspora that can be employed in promoting creative partnerships.

diaspreneuership: The entrepreneurial spirit of the Indian Diaspora has received numerous accolades in the U.S. and across the globe. It’s time to utilize the entrepreneurial skills in identifying opportunities in India, to exploit such opportunities as “first movers,” and to contribute to job creation and economic growth. The State Department plans to support diaspora entrepreneurs in investing and building enterprises as well as stimulating trade in countries of origin. This provides the Indian Diaspora the encouragement and support to contribute to India’s economic growth.

The Secretary’s Global Diaspora Forum sought to challenge diaspora communities to forge partnerships with the private sector, civil society, and public institutions in order to make their engagements with their countries of origin or ancestry effective, scalable, and sustainable. It is essential for the Indian Diaspora to take this challenge and actively contribute to idEA. Hopefully, the Indian Diaspora will contribute to this Alliance by providing innovative ideas for partnership and mobilizing the immigrant community to get involved in the emerging venture.

(Madhavi Bhasin is a Visiting Scholar at Center for South Asia Studies, UC Berkeley and Program Coordinator at Global India Foundation. All views expressed here are those of the author and do not releflect the opinions of USINPAC.)

Startup America

President Obama has announced the launch of the ‘Startup America’ initiative to boost high-growth entrepreneurship throughout the country. This initative aims to “encourage private sector investment in job-creating startups and small firms, accelerate research, and address barriers to success for entrepreneurs and small businesses.”

The program will work to:

* “Expand access to capital for high-growth startups throughout the country;
* Expand entrepreneurship education and mentorship programs that empower more Americans not just to get a job, but to create jobs;
* Strengthen commercialization of the about $148 billion in annual federally-funded research and development, which can generate innovative startups and entirely new industries;
* Identify and remove unnecessary barriers to high-growth startups; and
* Expand collaborations between large companies and startups.”

Learn more about Startup America at http://www.whitehouse.gov/startup-america-fact-sheet

The Indian-American community is entrepreneurial and has been greatly involved in startups. E.g. more than 15% of Silicon Valley start-up firms are owned by Indian-Americans.

Related links:

http://www.whitehouse.gov/issues/startup-america
http://www.startupamericapartnership.org

Diminishing Returns from the Pravasi Bhartiya Divas?

Going by press reports, Pravasi Bhartiya Divas (PBD) 2011, the annual 3 day jamboree hosted by the Ministry of Overseas Indian Affairs seems to have been no different from that of previous years…there was the grand inauguration by the Prime Minister, the usual high-powered seminars on the same topics (investment opportunities in health, education, strengthening bonds between the Diaspora and the mother country, etc), the usual cultural programs and opportunities for networking.  At the end of the three day event, the program was pronounced a grand success, mainly based on the fact that attendance this year was at its highest ever, with over 2000 delegates making the pilgrimage to New Delhi.

Though the event has become well-established on the annual calendar, it still continues to draw as much criticism as it does accolades.  Participation in the PBD is drawn from a hotch-potch of individuals and representatives from Diaspora organizations from around the world. As far as individuals are concerned, the well-heeled have an advantage given the cost associated with attendance. The Diaspora is also not a monolithic group, the two basic groupings of the Non-resident Indians (NRIs) and the Persons of Indian Origin (PIOs) have very different priorities and issues vying for attention from the powers that be. This inadequate and distorted representation of the 25 million strong diaspora by a handful at the PBD leads to misplaced priorities and initiatives on the part of the government.

There was the curious spectacle of Montek Singh Ahluwalia explaining the government’s rationale for holding the PBD as less to do with enticing the Diaspora to put their money to work in India, and more to do with strengthening their social and cultural bonds with the mother country. The focus this year was on the North Eastern states of India, with the most visible manifestation of this being the many pretty women from the North East performing ushering duties during the event. The other focus was on the youth of the Diaspora, who were largely missing, or invisible.

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The event, as usual, culminated with the presentation of the Pravasi Bhartiya Samman awards by the President of India. The geographic spread of the awardees has evened out, after the initial emphasis on the North Americas and then West Asia.  Surprisingly, this year marked the first time the award was handed out to a member of the Diaspora in the sub-continental neighborhood, to Mano Selvatharan of Sri Lanka.

At the end of the day, the question arises as to whether this is one of those exercises that results in increasingly diminishing returns. Granted, the PBD provides an useful fora for a whole lot of activities and interfacing to take place but redressing grievances and acting on ideas, just two of the many outcomes of the PBD, requires more durable mechanisms to be put in place. Next year, the PBD makes its merry way to Jaipur while this year’s regional PBD is scheduled to be held in Toronto in June.

Endnote: While on the subject of the Diaspora, maybe the time has come for a census along the lines of the National Jewish Population Survey (NJPC) to be conducted for the Indian-American community by the Indian-American community. While any census is a potential hot potato, with even the NJPC being discontinued after the last survey in 2000 because of controversies over its findings and methodologies, at least such a survey could put an end to all the nonsensical figures floating around the Internet about the percentage of Indian doctors and scientists in the U.S!

(image credit: wikipedia.org)